Cattle, sheep and goats undergo husbandry procedures for various reasons, ranging from increased productivity and breeding, to reducing the risk of disease.
Australian government, researchers and industry have worked together to put in place strict Animal Welfare Standards and Guidelines. These outline how husbandry techniques should and should not be carried out, emphasising the need to handle animals in a way that minimises stress.
These legally binding standards are in force across Australia, and audited on a regular basis. They are equivalent to welfare standards in place across the EU.